The antimicrobial, antioxidant, and in vivo hypoglycemic activities of the of the carob extract

Ceratonia siliqua L. (carob) was found in Mediterranean region and many Arab countries and have many medical uses. The antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity and hypoglycemic activities were determined. The extract of organic solvents, n-butanol, ethyl acetate, methanol and chloroform and the water extracts of Ceratonia siliqua leaves were evaluated. The microbial activity of Ceratonia siliqua leaves extract was evaluated against medically important bacterial and fungal strains. The antimicrobial activity was determined in the extracts using agar disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial activity of organic and aqueous extracts of Ceratonia siliqua against some Gram negative and positive bacteria was compared. Water extract showed moderate antibacterial and antifungal activities with MIC ranged from 25-50mg/ml and 50-70 mg/ml, respectively. The phenolic content of the leaves was determined. The antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of in diabetic male rats were determined. No toxicity was recorded for all tested concentration of water extract up to 400 mg/ml and LD50 was >400 mg/ml. Moreover, water extract of Ceratonia siliqua at 800 mg/kg decreased significantly the plasma glucose level (P ≤ 0.05) in diabetic rats, and there is a considerable gain in body weight (P ≤ 0.05) compared to the diabetic control group. In conclusion, Ceratonia siliqua leaves extract